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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pmedpharm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фармация и фармакология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pharmacy &amp; Pharmacology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2307-9266</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-2241</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute - branch of Volgograd State Medical Univer</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19163/2307-9266-2024-12-4-309-320</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pmedpharm-1660</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Деятельность производственных аптек и возможные риски нарушения исключительных прав на оригинальные лекарственные средства</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The work of compounding pharmacies and the possible risks of violating the exclusive rights to original medicines</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5882-8994</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алехин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekhin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>генеральный директор ООО «УК Фармаклон Групп»; ассистент кафедры БМТ-3 ФГБОУ ВО МГТУ им. Н.Э. Баумана. </p><p>1. Россия, 123610, г. Москва, наб. Краснопресненская, д. 12, помещение 1542В.</p><p>2. Россия, 125039, г. Москва, Пресненская наб., д. 10, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>CEO of Farmaklon Group; assistant of department BMT-3 Bauman Moscow State Technical University (National Research University).</p><p>1. 12 Krasnopresnenskaya emb., room 1542B, Moscow, Russia, 123610.</p><p>2. 10 Presnenskaya emb., bldg 2, Moscow, 125039, Russia. </p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexey@alekhin.net</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7891-9776</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Эриванцева</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Erivantseva</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, советник организационно-правового управления ЕАПВ.</p><p>109012, Россия, г. Москва, М. Черкасский пер., д. 2.</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Sciences (Medicine), Advisor to the Organizational and Legal Department of Eurasian Patent Office of the Eurasian Patent Organization.</p><p>2 Cherkassky Lane, Moscow, Russia, 109012.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ru-patent@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2927-6591</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калятин</surname><given-names>В. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalyatin</surname><given-names>V. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат юридических наук, доцент, профессор ФГБУН «Исследовательский центр частного права имени С.С. Алексеева при Президенте Российской Федерации»; доцент департамента цифровых технологий и биоправа факультета права ФГАОУ ВО НИУ «Высшая школа экономики».</p><p> </p><p>1. Россия, 103132, г. Москва, ул. Ильинка, д. 8, стр. 2.Россия, 109028, г. Москва, Покровский бульвар, д. 11. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Sciences (Law), Associate Professor, Professor of Private Law Research Centre under the President of the Russian Federation named after S.S. Alexeev; Associate Professor Department of Digital Technologies and Bio-Law of the Faculty of Law of Higher School of Economics.</p><p>1. 8 Ilyinka Str., Moscow, Russia, 103132.</p><p>2. 11 Pokrovsky Blvd, Moscow, Russia, 109028.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kalvit@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9573-4183</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ph.D., председатель Ученого совета, директор АНОО ВО НТУ «Сириус». </p><p>354340, Россия, Краснодарский край, федеральная территория «Сириус», Триумфальный пр-д, д. 1. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D., Chairman of the Academic Council, Director of Sirius University.</p><p>1 Triumfalny Ave., Krasnodar Territory, Federal Territory “Sirius”, Russia, 354340</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Ivanov.ra@talantiuspeh.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алехина</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekhina</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат экономических наук, доцент кафедры регуляторных отношений в области обращения лекарственных средств и медицинских изделий ФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет). </p><p>Россия, 119991, Россия, г. Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Sciences (Economics), Associate Professor of the Department of Regulatory Relations in the Field of Circulation of Medicines and Medical Devices, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University). </p><p>8 Trubetskaya Str., bldg 2, Moscow, Russia, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">romakinan@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>1. Общество с ограниченной ответственностью «УК Фармаклон».&#13;
2. Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Московский государственный технический университет имени Н.Э. Баумана (Национальный исследовательский университет)».</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>1. Farmaklon Group.&#13;
2. Bauman Moscow State Technical University (National Research University).</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Евразийское патентное ведомство Евразийской патентной организации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Eurasian Patent Office of the Eurasian Patent Organization</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>1. Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Исследовательский центр частного права имени С.С. Алексеева при Президенте Российской Федерации».&#13;
2. Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики».</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>1. Private Law Research Centre under the President of the Russian Federation named after S.S. Alexeev. &#13;
2. Higher School of Economics.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Автономная некоммерческая образовательная организация высшего образования  «Научно-технологический университет «Сириус»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sirius University.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования &#13;
«Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University).</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>309</fpage><lpage>320</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Алехин А.В., Эриванцева Т.Н., Калятин В.О., Иванов Р.А., Алехина Н.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Алехин А.В., Эриванцева Т.Н., Калятин В.О., Иванов Р.А., Алехина Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Alekhin A.V., Erivantseva T.N., Kalyatin V.O., Ivanov R.A., Alekhina N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pharmpharm.ru/jour/article/view/1660">https://www.pharmpharm.ru/jour/article/view/1660</self-uri><abstract><p>В России с 2022 года началось возрождение производственных аптек. Для эффективного использования возможностей таких аптек требуется учесть важность исключения риска нарушения прав на результаты интеллектуальной деятельности. </p><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучение зарубежной практики производственных аптек с точки зрения нарушения исключительных прав, а также позиции зарубежных патентных ведомств и Всемирной организации интеллектуальной собственности (ВОИС).</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Ключевым аспектом исследования стало изучение зарубежной практики нарушений исключительных прав на оригинальные лекарственные препараты. Проведён информационный поиск публикаций, касающихся деятельности производственных аптек в мире, а также вопросов регулирования взаимосвязи их деятельности и законодательства в области интеллектуальной собственности.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В статье проанализированы зарубежные судебные практики и позиции патентных ведомств, обобщенные ВОИС, относительно данного вопроса. Результаты и обсуждение основаны на рассмотрении зарубежных судебных дел и законодательных норм, касающихся производства запатентованных лекарственных препаратов в производственных аптеках. Представлены примеры судебных дел, поднимающих вопросы нарушений исключительных прав. </p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В России на законодательном уровне закреплена возможность разового изготовления в аптеках по рецептам врачей препаратов с использованием изобретения. Однако это разрешение касается только «конкретного рецепта». Одним из возможных вариантов снижения остроты проблемы может быть прямое разрешение аптекам использовать подрядчиков для выполнения конкретного запроса. Также требует раскрытия понятие «разового изготовления», что может расширить возможности аптек. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы в рамках законодательного регулирования изготовления лекарственных средств в аптечной организации.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The revival of production pharmacies in Russia began in 2022. To effectively use the capabilities of compounding pharmacies, it is necessary to take into account the importance of eliminating the risk of infringement of intellectual property rights.</p><sec><title>The aim</title><p>The aim. The study of the foreign practice of compounding pharmacies in terms of infringement of exclusive rights, as well as the position of foreign patent offices and the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO).</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A key aspect of the research was the study of the foreign practice of violating the exclusive rights to original medicines. An information search was conducted for publications related to the activities of compounding pharmacies in the world, as well as issues related to the regulation of the relationship between their activities and legislation in the field of intellectual property.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The article analyzes foreign judicial practices and positions of patent offices, summarized by WIPO, on this issue. The results and discussion are based on the consideration of foreign court cases and legislative norms related to the production of patented drugs in compounding pharmacies. The examples of court cases that raise issues of violations of exclusive rights are given.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. In Russia, the possibility of one-time compounding of drugs using the invention in pharmacies according to doctors’ prescriptions is fixed at the legislative level. However, this permission only applies to a “specific recipe”. One possible way to reduce the severity of the problem may be to directly allow pharmacies to use contractors to fulfill a specific request. The concept of “one-time compounding” also requires disclosure, which may expand the capabilities of pharmacies. The results obtained can be used in the framework of legislative regulation of the compounding of medicines in a pharmacy.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лекарственные средства</kwd><kwd>производственные аптеки</kwd><kwd>патент</kwd><kwd>изобретение</kwd><kwd>интеллектуальная собственность</kwd><kwd>исключительное право</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>drugs</kwd><kwd>compounding pharmacies</kwd><kwd>patent</kwd><kwd>invention</kwd><kwd>intellectual property</kwd><kwd>exclusive right</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Данное исследование не имело финансовой поддержки от сторонних организаций.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study did not have financial support from third parties.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Polak Y., Jacobs B.A.W., van den Berg S., Colen-de Koning J.C.A., Hollak C.E.M., Kemper E.M. 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