pmedpharmФармация и фармакологияPharmacy & Pharmacology2307-92662413-2241Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute - branch of Volgograd State Medical Univer10.19163/2307-9266-2024-12-5-362-373pmedpharm-1665Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWТаргетная терапия бронхиальной астмы у детей и подростков: описательный обзорTargeted therapy of bronchial asthma in children and adolescents: А narrative reviewhttps://orcid.org/0009-0002-0324-7933МатевосоваМ. С.MatevosovaM. S.

студент лечебного факультета ПМФИ – филиала ФГБОУ ВО ВолгГМУ Минздрава России.

Россия, 357532, г. Пятигорск, пр-кт Калинина, д. 11.

student of the Faculty of Medicine of Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute – branch of Volgograd State Medical University.

11 Kalinin Ave., Pyatigorsk, Russia, 357532.

milalean2001@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5562-6594АгапитовЛ. И.AgapitovL. I.

доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры терапевтических дисциплин ПМФИ – филиала ФГБОУ ВО ВолгГМУ Минздрава России.

Россия, 357532, г. Пятигорск, пр-кт Калинина, д. 11.

Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Professor of the Department of Therapeutic Disciplines of Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute – branch of Volgograd State Medical University.

11 Kalinin Ave., Pyatigorsk, Russia, 357532.

lagapitov@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8713-5017АверинаИ. А.AverinaI. A.

кандидат медицинских наук, старший преподаватель кафедры терапевтических дисциплин ПМФИ – филиала ФГБОУ ВО ВолгГМУ Минздрава России; заведующий педиатрическим отделением КБ № 101 ФФГБУ СКФНКЦ ФМБА России в г. Лермонтове (Россия).

1. Россия, 357532, г. Пятигорск, пр-кт Калинина, д. 11.

2. Россия, 357341, г. Лермонтов, ул. Ленина, д. 26. 

 

Candidate of Sciences (Medicine), senior lecturer of the Department of Therapeutic Disciplines of Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute – branch of Volgograd State Medical University; Head of the Pediatric Department of Clinical Hospital No. 10 – branch of North Caucasus Federal Scientific and Clinical Center (Lermontov, Russia).

 

1. 11 Kalinin Ave., Pyatigorsk, Russia, 357532.

2. 26 Lenin Str., Lermontov, Russia, 357341.

iradoc77@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0001-9461-8199СоколоваИ. В.SokolovaI. V.

заместитель руководителя по медицинской части КБ № 101 ФФГБУ СКФНКЦ ФМБА России в г. Лермонтове (Россия).

Россия, 357341, г. Лермонтов, ул. Ленина, д. 26.

Deputy Head of the Medical Department of Clinical Hospital No. 10 – branch of North Caucasus Federal Scientific and Clinical Center (Lermontov, Russia).

26 Lenin Str., Lermontov, Russia, 357341.

irina.sokir@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0001-0905-1627ЗотоваС. В.ZotovaS. V.

заведующий детской поликлиникой КБ № 101 ФФГБУ СКФНКЦ ФМБА России в г. Лермонтове (Россия).

Россия, 357341, г. Лермонтов, ул. Ленина, д. 26.

Head of the children's clinic of Clinical Hospital No. 10 – branch of North Caucasus Federal Scientific and Clinical Center (Lermontov, Russia).

26 Lenin Str., Lermontov, Russia, 357341.

zotovasv77@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0003-3828-5670ЧерниговскийР. А.ChernigovskiyR. A.

преподаватель кафедры терапевтических дисциплин ПМФИ – филиала ФГБОУ ВО ВолгГМУ Минздрава России; врач-педиатр педиатрического отделения КБ № 101 ФФГБУ СКФНКЦ ФМБА России в г. Лермонтове (Россия).

 1. Россия, 357532, г. Пятигорск, пр-кт Калинина, д. 11.

2.Россия, 357341, г. Лермонтов, ул. Ленина, д. 26.

teacher of the Department of Therapeutic Disciplines of Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute – branch of Volgograd State Medical University; Pediatrician of the pediatric department of Clinical Hospital No. 10 – branch of North Caucasus Federal Scientific and Clinical Center (Lermontov, Russia).

1. 11 Kalinin Ave., Pyatigorsk, Russia, 357532.

2. 26 Lenin Str., Lermontov, Russia, 357341.

gjgjgj26gjgjgj@gmail.comПятигорский медико-фармацевтический институт – филиал федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Волгоградский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации.РоссияPyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute – branch of Volgograd State Medical University.Russian Federation1. Пятигорский медико-фармацевтический институт – филиал федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Волгоградский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации. 2. Клиническая больница № 10 – филиал федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения «Северо-Кавказский федеральный научно-клинический центр Федерального медико-биологического агентства России».Россия1. Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute – branch of Volgograd State Medical University. 2.Clinical Hospital No. 10 – branch of North Caucasus Federal Scientific and Clinical Center.Russian FederationКлиническая больница № 10 – филиал федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения «Северо-Кавказский федеральный научно-клинический центр Федерального медико-биологического агентства России».РоссияClinical Hospital No. 10 – branch of North Caucasus Federal Scientific and Clinical Center.Russian FederationКлиническая больница № 10 – филиал федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения «Северо-Кавказский федеральный научно-клинический центр Федерального медико-биологического агентства России».РоссияClinical Hospital No. 10 – branch of North Caucasus Federal Scientific and Clinical CenterRussian Federation1. Пятигорский медико-фармацевтический институт – филиал федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Волгоградский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации. 2.Клиническая больница № 10 – филиал федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения «Северо-Кавказский федеральный научно-клинический центр Федерального медико-биологического агентства России».Россия1. Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute – branch of Volgograd State Medical University. 2. Clinical Hospital No. 10 – branch of North Caucasus Federal Scientific and Clinical Center.Russian Federation202429062025125362373Copyright © Матевосова М.С., Агапитов Л.И., Аверина И.А., Соколова И.В., Зотова С.В., Черниговский Р.А., 20252025Матевосова М.С., Агапитов Л.И., Аверина И.А., Соколова И.В., Зотова С.В., Черниговский Р.А.Matevosova M.S., Agapitov L.I., Averina I.A., Sokolova I.V., Zotova S.V., Chernigovskiy R.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.pharmpharm.ru/jour/article/view/1665Цель

Цель. Провести оценку результатов клинических исследований, посвящённых изучению эффективности и безопасности терапии бронхиальной астмы (БА) генно-инженерными биологическими препаратами (ГИБП) у детей и подростков.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. Для написания данной обзорной статьи был проведён поиск полнотекстовых публикаций в базе данных PubMed. Были проанализированы работы по изучению эффективности и безопасности применения биологических препаратов — моноклональных антител, в лечении БА, рефрактерной к терапии ингаляционными глюкокортикостероидами и бета-2-агонистами, у детей и подростков с 2010 по 2025 гг. с использованием следующих ключевых запросов: «bronchial asthma», «monoclonal antibodies», «anti-IgE antibody», «anti-IL-receptor antibody», «anti-thymic stromal lymphopoietin antibody», «adolescents», «children».

Результаты

Результаты. Наблюдаемый продолжающийся и неуклонный рост заболеваемости БА, вовлечённость нескольких систем органов в патологический процесс, сложность выбора тактики лечения, высокая стоимость терапии и необходимость в мониторинге состояния пациента ставят рассматриваемое заболевание на особое место среди современных проблем медицины. На сегодняшний день достижения в области генной инженерии позволили внедрить в медицинскую практику ГИБП — препараты моноклональных антител, в качестве одной из ступеней лечения плохо контролируемой и резистентной к терапии препаратами первой линии БА средней и тяжёлой степени тяжести. По данным последних клинических исследований среди детей и подростков, биологические препараты в разной степени способны влиять на контроль симптомов, функцию лёгких, частоту обострений, обращений за неотложной медицинской помощью и госпитализаций, а также снижение дозировок применяемых глюкокортикостероидов и бета-2-агонистов.

Заключение

Заключение. На сегодняшний день отмечаются положительные результаты применения моноклональных антител в терапии БА, однако данные клинических исследований среди детей и подростков ограничены. Также недостаточно информации о последствиях механизма действия данных препаратов в отношении длительного ингибирования иммунной системы и снижения содержания эозинофилов в сыворотке крови в развивающемся организме ребенка. Для формулирования окончательного вывода необходимо дальнейшее изучение долгосрочной эффективности и безопасности применения биологических препаратов в педиатрической практике в целях борьбы с этой серьезной общественной угрозой.

The aim

The aim. To evaluate the results of clinical studies on the efficacy and safety of bronchial asthma (BA) therapy with genetically engineered biologicals (GEBP) in children and adolescents.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. For writing this review article, a search for full-text publications was conducted in the PubMed database. Studies on the efficacy and safety of biologicals — monoclonal antibodies, in the treatment of BA refractory to therapy with inhaled glucocorticosteroids and beta-2-agonists, in children and adolescents from 2010 to 2025 were analyzed using the following key queries”bronchial asthma”, “monoclonal antibodies”, “anti-IgE antibody”, “anti-IL-receptor antibody”, “anti-thymic stromal lymphopoietin antibody”, “adolescents”, “children”.

Results

Results. The observed continuing and steady increase in the incidence of BA, the involvement of several organ systems in the pathological process, the difficulty in choosing treatment tactics, the high cost of therapy, and the need to monitor the patient’s condition place this disease in a special place among modern medical problems. To date, advances in genetic engineering have made it possible to introduce GEBPs — monoclonal antibody drugs, into medical practice as one of the steps in the treatment of poorly controlled and resistant to first-line therapy BA of moderate and severe severity. According to recent clinical studies among children and adolescents, biologicals to varying degrees can affect symptom control, lung function, frequency of exacerbations, requests for emergency medical care and hospitalizations, as well as reducing the dosages of glucocorticosteroids and beta-2-agonists used.

Conclusion

Conclusion. To date, positive results have been noted in the use of monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of BA, but clinical trial data among children and adolescents are limited. There is also insufficient information about the consequences of the mechanism of influence of these drugs in relation to long-term inhibition of the immune system and a decrease in the content of eosinophils in the blood serum in the developing child’s body. To formulate a final conclusion, further study of the long-term efficacy and safety of biologicals in pediatric practice is necessary in order to combat this serious public threat.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.