pmedpharmФармация и фармакологияPharmacy & Pharmacology2307-92662413-2241Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute - branch of Volgograd State Medical Univer10.19163/2307-9266-2026-14-3-236-247pmedpharm-1894Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWНизкопотенцированные гомеопатические препараты: исторический обзор и сравнительный анализ с аллопатическим и фитотерапевтическим подходамиLow-potential homeopathic medicines: historical review and comparative analysis with allopathic and phytotherapeutic approacheshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6348-6867ЗыряновС. К.ZyryanovS. K.

доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой общей и клинической фармакологии медицинского института ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы» Минобрнауки России; главный внештатный специалист по клиническим исследованиям, заместитель главного врача по медицинской части ГБУЗ г. Москвы «ГКБ № 24 ДЗ г. Москвы». 

1. Россия, 117198, г. Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6.

2. Россия, 127015, г. Москва, ул. Писцовая, д. 10.

 Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Professor, Head of the Department of General and Clinical Pharmacology of the Medical Institute, Peoples' Friendship University; Chief freelance Clinical research Specialist, Deputy Chief Physician for the Medical Department of the City Clinical Hospital No. 24 (Moscow).

 1. 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Str., Moscow, Russia, 117198.

2. 10 Pistsovaya Str., Moscow, Russia, 127015.

sergey.k.zyryanov@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5769-0450СтрокА. Б.StrokA. B.

кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры общей и клинической фармакологии медицинского института ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы» Минобрнауки России; врач клинический фармаколог РДКБ — филиала ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России (Пироговский Университет). 

 

1. Россия, 117198, г. Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6.

2. Россия, 119571, г. Москва, Ленинский проспект, д. 117, к. 1.

Candidate of Medical Sciences, Assistant Professor, Department of General and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Institute, Peoples' Friendship University; clinical pharmacologist of the Russian Children's Clinical Hospital — branch of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University. 

1. 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Str., Moscow, Russia, 117198.

2. 117 Leninsky Ave., room 1, Moscow, Russia, 119571.

strok-ab@rudn.ru1. Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы» Министерства образования и науки Российской Федерации. 2. Городское бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения города Москвы «Городская клиническая больница № 24 Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы».Россия1. Peoples’ Friendship University. 2. City Clinical Hospital No. 24.Russian Federation1. Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы» Министерства образования и науки Российской Федерации. 2. Российская детская клиническая больница — филиал федерального государственного автономного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации.Россия1. Peoples’ Friendship University. 2. Russian Children’s Clinical Hospital — branch of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University.Russian Federation202618062026143236247Copyright © Зырянов С.К., Строк А.Б., 20262026Зырянов С.К., Строк А.Б.Zyryanov S.K., Strok A.B.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.pharmpharm.ru/jour/article/view/1894

Актуальность работы обусловлена сохраняющейся дискуссией о месте гомеопатических препаратов в системе доказательной медицины, а также необходимостью разграничения подходов к низким и высоким разведениям.

Цель

Цель. Систематизировать информацию о применении низких гомеопатических разведений; провести сравнительную групповую характеристику низкопотенцированных гомеопатических препаратов с аллопатическими и фитотерапевтическими препаратами; определить перспективные направления для дальнейших исследований.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. Осуществлен анализ данных, включающий исторические сведения, теоретические концепции, экспериментальные и клинические исследования, а также нормативно-правовые и регуляторные документы. Выделены ключевые этапы и стратегии применения гомеопатических средств в различных разведениях. Поиск литературы проводился в электронных базах PubMed/MEDLINE, eLIBRARY за период с 1990 по 2025 гг. Использовались такие запросы, как «low dilutions homeopathy», «low potency homeopathy», «homotoxicology», «ultra-high dilutions», «гомеопатические низкие потенции», «антигомотоксическая терапия». В обзор включались оригинальные экспериментальные исследования низкопотенцированных гомеопатических препаратов, клинические исследования комплексных гомеопатических препаратов, систематические обзоры и метаанализы, исторические и теоретические работы, посвященные гомеопатии, физико-химические исследования гомеопатических разведений, регуляторные документы и экономические обзоры. Из обзора исключались исследования, посвященные высоким и сверхвысоким разведениям без сравнения с низкими потенциями; отдельные клинические случаи; тезисы конференций; работы, в которых отсутствовало четкое указание на использованную потенцию.

Результаты

Результаты. По основным фармакологическим критериям низкопотенцированные комплексные препараты занимают промежуточное положение между классической гомеопатией с одной стороны и аллопатическими/фитотерапевтическими средствами с другой. Их эффекты могут иметь рациональное объяснение в рамках гормезиса и прямого действия малых доз. Существуют отдельные РКИ, демонстрирующие эффективность комплексных препаратов, однако общий уровень доказательств остается ниже, чем для аллопатических препаратов. Для формулировки окончательных выводов о месте низкопотенцированных гомеопатических препаратов необходимы масштабные методологически безупречные клинические исследования, а также продолжение поисков подтверждения их механизмов действия, в частности, в области нанофармакологии.

Заключение

Заключение. Путь к широкому применению низкопотенцированных гомеопатических средств в современной медицине лежит через нормативное разделение низких и высоких гомеопатических разведений, проведение качественных клинических исследований с жесткими конечными точками.

The relevance of the work is due to the ongoing discussion about the place of homeopathic medicines in the system of evidence-based medicine, as well as the need to distinguish approaches to low and high dilutions.

The aim

The aim. To systematize information on the use of low homeopathic dilutions; to conduct a comparative group characterization of low-potential homeopathic medicines with allopathic and phytotherapeutic drugs; to identify promising areas for further research.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. The data was analyzed, including historical information, theoretical concepts, experimental and clinical studies, as well as regulatory and regulatory documents. The key stages and strategies of using homeopathic remedies in various dilutions are highlighted. The literature was searched in the electronic databases PubMed/MEDLINE, eLibrary for the period from 1990 to 2025. Queries such as “low dilutions homeopathy”, “low potency homeopathy”, “homotoxicology”, “ultra-high dilutions”, “homeopathic low potencies”, “antihomotoxic therapy” were used. The review included original experimental studies of low-potential homeopathic medicines, clinical studies of complex homeopathic medicines, systematic reviews and meta-analyses, historical and theoretical works on homeopathy, physico-chemical studies of homeopathic dilutions, regulatory documents and economic reviews. The review excluded studies on high and ultra-high dilutions without comparison with low potentials; individual clinical cases; conference abstracts; works in which there was no clear indication of the potency used.

Results

Results. According to the main pharmacological criteria, low-potential complex preparations occupy an intermediate position between classical homeopathy on the one hand and allopathic/phytotherapeutic agents on the other. Their effects may have a rational explanation within the framework of hormesis and the direct action of small doses. There are separate RCTs demonstrating the effectiveness of complex drugs, but the overall level of evidence remains lower than for allopathic drugs. In order to formulate definitive conclusions about the place of low-potential homeopathic medicines, large-scale methodologically impeccable clinical studies are needed, as well as continuing the search for confirmation of their mechanisms of action, in particular, in the field of nanopharmacology.

Conclusion

Conclusion. The path to the widespread use of low-potential homeopathic remedies in modern medicine lies through the normative separation of low and high homeopathic dilutions, conducting high-quality clinical trials with rigid endpoints.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.