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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pmedpharm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фармация и фармакология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pharmacy &amp; Pharmacology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2307-9266</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-2241</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute - branch of Volgograd State Medical Univer</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19163/2307-9266-2026-14-4-387-409</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pmedpharm-1936</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH ARTICLE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительный анализ биоэквивалентности, безопасности и переносимости семаглутида (таблетки): результаты открытого рандомизированного перекрестного сравнительного исследования</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative analysis of bioequivalence, safety, and tolerability of semaglutide (tablets): results of an open-label randomized crossover comparative study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7936-7619</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аметов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ametov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой эндокринологии, заведующий сетевой кафедрой ЮНЕСКО по теме «Биоэтика сахарного диабета как глобальная проблема», ФГАОУ ДПО РМАНПО Минздрава России; заслуженный деятель науки РФ. </p><p>Россия, 125993, г. Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д.2/1, стр.1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Professor, Head of the Department of Endocrinology, Head of the UNESCO Network Department on the topic "Bioethics of Diabetes Mellitus as a global problem", Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education; Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation. </p><p>Bld. 1, 2/1, Barrikadnaya Str., Moscow, Russia, 125993.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexander.ametov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2290-0013</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балыкова</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balykova</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАН, заведующий кафедрой педиатрии, директор Медицинского института ФГБОУ ВО «МГУ им. Н.П. Огарева». </p><p>Россия, 430005, г. Саранск, ул. Большевистская, д.68.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Professor, Head of the Department of Pediatrics, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Director of the Medical Institute, National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University; Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. </p><p>68, Bolshevistskaya Str., Saransk, Russia, 430005.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">larisabalykova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7348-9412</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Заславская</surname><given-names>К. Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaslavskaya</surname><given-names>K. Ya.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры биологической и фармацевтической химии с курсом организации и управления фармацией Медицинский институт ФГБОУ ВО «МГУ им. Н.П. Огарева». </p><p>Россия, 430005, г. Саранск, ул. Большевистская, д.68.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant of the Department of Biological and Pharmaceutical Chemistry with the course of organization and management of pharmacy, National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University. </p><p>68, Bolshevistskaya Str., Saransk, Russia, 430005.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kiryonok@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1185-8630</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шохин</surname><given-names>И. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shokhin</surname><given-names>I. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор фармацевтических наук, генеральный директор ООО «Центр Фармацевтической Аналитики», Москва, Россия. </p><p>Россия, 117638, г. Москва, Симферопольский бульвар, д.8.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Sciences (Pharmacy), General Director, Center for Pharmaceutical Analytics LLC, Moscow, Russia. </p><p>8, Simferopolsky Blvd, Moscow, Russia, 117638.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i.shohin@cpha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0881-4880</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бодрова</surname><given-names>Т. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bodrova</surname><given-names>T. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>соискатель научно-образовательного института фармации им. К.М. Лакина, ФГБОУ ВО «МГМСУ им. А.И. Евдокимова Минздрава» России. </p><p>Россия, 127006, г. Москва, ул. Долгоруковская д.4.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD candidate of the Scientific and Educational Institute of Pharmacy n.a. K.M. Lakin, Russian University of Medicine.</p><p>4, Dolgorukovskaya Str., Moscow, Russia, 127006</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">btatg@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4544-5486</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зорина</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zorina</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, клинический фармаколог, акушер-гинеколог, врач-диетолог, преподаватель кафедры терапии, гериатрии и антивозрастной медицины, ФГБУ ФНКЦ ФМБА России. </p><p>Россия, 115682, г. Москва, Ореховый бульвар, д.28.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Sciences (Medicine), clinical pharmacologist, obstetrician-gynecologist, dietitian, lecturer of the Department of Therapy, Geriatrics, and Anti-Aging Medicine, Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Specialized Types of Medical Care and Medical Technologies.</p><p>28 Orekhovy Blvd, Russia, Moscow, 115682.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">slarisa@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7251-8744</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щербакова</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shcherbakova</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, ассистент кафедры фармакологии ФГБОУ ВО Тверского ГМУ Минздрава России.</p><p>Россия, 170100, г. Тверь, ул. Советская, д.4.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Sciences (Biology), Assistant Professor of the Department of Pharmacology, Tver State Medical University. </p><p>4 Sovetskaya Str., Tver, Russia, 170100.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Victoria_kaptar@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1116-3425</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куркин</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurkin</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор фармацевтических наук, доцент, директор Научно-образовательного института фармации им. К.М. Лакина, ФГБОУ ВО «Российский университет медицины» Минздрава России; профессор кафедры клинической фармакологии и интенсивной терапии, ФГБОУ ВО ВолгГМУ Минздрава России.</p><p>1. Россия, 127006, г. Москва, ул. Долгоруковская д.4.</p><p>2. Россия, 400066, г. Волгоград, пл. Павших Борцов, д.1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Sciences (Pharmacy), Assistant Professor, Director of the Scientific and Educational Institute of Pharmacy n.a. K.M. Lakin, Russian University of Medicine; Professor of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Intensive Care of the Volgograd State Medical University. </p><p>1. 4, Dolgorukovskaya Str., Moscow, Russia, 127006.</p><p>2. 1 Pavshikh Bortsov Sq., Volgograd, Russia, 400066.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">strannik986@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1571-9301</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корянова</surname><given-names>К. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koryanova</surname><given-names>K. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат фармацевтических наук, доцент кафедры фармации ФПО ПМФИ – филиала ФГБОУ ВО ВолгГМУ Минздрава России; доцент кафедры фармации, общей фармакологии и фармацевтического консультирования ФГАОУ ДПО РМАНПО Минздрава России.</p><p>1. Россия, 357532, г. Пятигорск, пр-кт Калинина, д.11.</p><p>2. Россия, 125993, г. Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д.2/1, стр.1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Sciences (Pharmacy), Assistant Professor of the Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Postgraduate Education of the Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute — branch of Volgograd State Medical University; Assistant Professor of the Department of Pharmacy, General Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Consulting of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education. </p><p>1. 11 Kalinin Ave., Pyatigorsk, Russia, 357532.</p><p>2. Bld. 1, 2/1, Barrikadnaya Str., Moscow, Russia, 125993. </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kskor-16@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-8"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7778-8391</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мищенко</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mishchenko</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат фармацевтических наук, доцент кафедры токсикологической и аналитической химии ПМФИ – филиала ФГБОУ ВО ВолгГМУ Минздрава России.</p><p>Россия, 357532, г. Пятигорск, пр-кт Калинина, д.11.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Sciences (Pharmacy), Assistant Professor of the Department of Toxicological and Analytical Chemistry, Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute – branch of Volgograd State Medical University. </p><p>11 Kalinin Ave., Pyatigorsk, Russia, 357532.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ekaterina-mischenko1809@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-9"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8979-8084</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максимов</surname><given-names>М. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maksimov</surname><given-names>M. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, декан факультета профилактической медицины и организации здравоохранения, заведующий кафедрой фармации, общей фармакологии и фармацевтического консультирования ФГАОУ ДПО РМАНПО Минздрава России. </p><p>Россия, 125993, г. Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д.2/1, стр.1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Professor, Dean of the Faculty of Preventive Medicine and Healthcare Organization, Head of the Department of Pharmacy, General Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Consulting, Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education. </p><p>Bld. 1, 2/1, Barrikadnaya Str., Moscow, Russia, 125993.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maksim_maksimov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6636-3950</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Матвеев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Matveev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, доцент кафедры клинической фармакологии и терапии имени академика Б.Е. Вотчала, ФГАОУ ДПО РМАНПО Минздрава России. </p><p>Россия, 125993, г. Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д.2/1, стр.1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Sciences (Medicine), Assistant Professor, Assistant Professor of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapy named after Academician B. E. Votchal, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education.</p><p>Bld. 1, 2/1, Barrikadnaya Str., Moscow, Russia, 125993.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avmcsmu@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7806-2805</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щербакова</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shcherbakova</surname><given-names>L. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат фармацевтических наук, доцент, заместитель директора по учебно-воспитательной работе, заведующий кафедрой химии ПМФИ – филиала ФГБОУ ВО ВолгГМУ Минздрава России. </p><p>Россия, 357532, г. Пятигорск, пр-кт Калинина, д.11.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Sciences (Pharmacy), Assistant Professor, Deputy Director for Educational Work, Head of the Department of Inorganic, Physical and Colloidal Chemistry, Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute – branch of Volgograd State Medical University. </p><p>11 Kalinin Ave., Pyatigorsk, Russia, 357532.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shcherbakovali@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-10"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9522-7605</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дьякова</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dyakova</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат фармацевтических наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой биологии и физиологии, и.о. декана факультета последипломного образования ПМФИ – филиала ФГБОУ ВО ВолгГМУ Минздрава России.</p><p>Россия, 357532, г. Пятигорск, пр-кт Калинина, д.11.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Sciences (Pharmacy), Assistant Professor, Head of the Department of Biology and Physiology, Acting Dean of the Faculty of Postgraduate Education, Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute – branch of Volgograd State Medical University. </p><p>11 Kalinin Ave., Pyatigorsk, Russia, 357532.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irochkadyakova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-9"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8373-6109</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козлов</surname><given-names>Е. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozlov</surname><given-names>E. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>старший преподаватель кафедры амбулаторно-поликлинической терапии медицинского института, ФГБОУ ВО «МГУ им. Н.П. Огарева». </p><p>Россия, 430005, г. Саранск, ул. Большевистская, д.68</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>senior lecturer of the Department of Outpatient Therapy of the Medical Institute, National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University. </p><p>68, Bolshevistskaya Str., Saransk, Russia, 430005.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.kozlov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4007-7112</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреев</surname><given-names>Д. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreev</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, доцент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней и гастроэнтерологии ФГБОУ ВО «Российский университет медицины» Минздрава России. </p><p>Россия, 127006, г. Москва, ул. Долгоруковская д.4.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Sciences (Medicine), Assistant Professor, Assistant Professor of the Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases and Gastroenterology, Russian University of Medicine. </p><p>4, Dolgorukovskaya Str., Moscow, Russia, 127006.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dna-mit8@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0826-4177</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казаишвили</surname><given-names>Ю. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazaishvili</surname><given-names>Yu. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, ассистент кафедры фармакологии ФГБОУ ВО Тверского ГМУ Минздрава России.</p><p>Россия, 170100, г. Тверь, ул. Советская, д.4.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Sciences (Biology), Assistant Professor of the Department of Pharmacology, Tver State Medical University. </p><p>4 Sovetskaya Str., Tver, Russia, 170100.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ykaza@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3456-9409</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Носков</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Noskov</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой госпитальной терапии ФГБОУ ВО ЯГМУ Минздрава России; терапевт, главный исследователь ГБУЗ ЯО «КБ № 3», Ярославль, Россия. </p><p>1. Россия, 150000, г. Ярославль, ул. Революционная, д.5.</p><p>2. Россия, 150007, г. Ярославль, ул. Маяковского, д.61.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Professor, Head of the Department of Hospital Therapy, Yaroslavl State Medical University; internist, Chief Researcher, Clinical Hospital No. 3, Yaroslavl, Russia. </p><p>1. 5 Revolutionary Str., Yaroslavl, Russia, 150000.</p><p>2. 61 Mayakovskogo Str., Yaroslavl, Russia, 150007.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Noskov03@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-11"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5998-4874</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белый</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bely</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней и гастроэнтерологии ФГБОУ ВО «Российский университет медицины» Минздрава России. </p><p>Россия, 127006, г. Москва, ул. Долгоруковская д.4.</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Professor of the Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Russian University of Medicine. </p><p>4, Dolgorukovskaya Str., Moscow, Russia, 127006.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pbely@ncpharm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-12"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение дополнительного профессионального образования «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного  образования» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации.</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Национальный исследовательский Мордовский государственный университет имени Н.П. Огарёва».</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Общество с ограниченной ответственностью «Центр Фармацевтической Аналитики» (ООО «ЦФА»).</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Limited Liability Company “Center for Pharmaceutical Analytics”.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет медицины» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian University of Medicine.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Федеральный научно-клинический центр специализированных видов медицинской помощи и медицинских технологий Федерального медико-биологического агентства России».</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Specialized Types of Medical Care and Medical Technologies.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Тверской государственный медицинский университет Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации.</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tver State Medical University.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-7"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>1. Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет медицины» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации.&#13;
2. Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Волгоградский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации.</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>1. Russian University of Medicine.&#13;
2. Volgograd State Medical University.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-8"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>1. Пятигорский медико-фармацевтический институт – филиал федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Волгоградский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации.&#13;
2. Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение дополнительного профессионального образования «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного  образования» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации.</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>1. Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute – branch of Volgograd State Medical University.&#13;
2. Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-9"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Пятигорский медико-фармацевтический институт – филиал федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Волгоградский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации.</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute – branch of Volgograd State Medical University.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-10"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Пятигорский медико-фармацевтический институт – филиал федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Волгоградский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute – branch of Volgograd State Medical University.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-11"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>1. Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Ярославский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации.&#13;
2. Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения Ярославской области «Клиническая больница № 3».</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>1. Yaroslavl State Medical University.&#13;
2. Clinical Hospital No. 3.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-12"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет медицины» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации.</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian University of Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>387</fpage><lpage>409</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Аметов А.С., Балыкова Л.А., Заславская К.Я., Шохин И.Е., Бодрова Т.Г., Зорина Л.А., Щербакова В.С., Куркин Д.В., Корянова К.Н., Мищенко Е.С., Максимов М.Л., Матвеев А.В., Щербакова Л.И., Дьякова И.Н., Козлов Е.Д., Андреев Д.Н., Казаишвили Ю.Г., Носков С.М., Белый П.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Аметов А.С., Балыкова Л.А., Заславская К.Я., Шохин И.Е., Бодрова Т.Г., Зорина Л.А., Щербакова В.С., Куркин Д.В., Корянова К.Н., Мищенко Е.С., Максимов М.Л., Матвеев А.В., Щербакова Л.И., Дьякова И.Н., Козлов Е.Д., Андреев Д.Н., Казаишвили Ю.Г., Носков С.М., Белый П.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ametov A.S., Balykova L.A., Zaslavskaya K.Y., Shokhin I.E., Bodrova T.G., Zorina L.A., Shcherbakova V.S., Kurkin D.V., Koryanova K.N., Mishchenko E.S., Maksimov M.L., Matveev A.V., Shcherbakova L.I., Dyakova I.N., Kozlov E.D., Andreev D.N., Kazaishvili Y.G., Noskov S.M., Bely P.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pharmpharm.ru/jour/article/view/1936">https://www.pharmpharm.ru/jour/article/view/1936</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Провести сравнительную оценку физико-химических свойств, биологической активности, биоэквивалентности и безопасности, включая переносимость и иммуногенность, лекарственного препарата Семальтара (семаглутид, таблетки 3 и 14 мг (АО «Биохимик», Россия) и препарата Ребелсас® (семаглутид, таблетки в дозировках 3 и 14 мг (Ново Нордиск А/С, Дания) при применении здоровыми добровольцами.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Для оценки биоэквивалентности исследуемого препарата Семальтара® (семаглутид, таблетки 3 и 14 мг (АО «Биохимик», Россия) с химически синтезированным активным веществом оригинальному (референтному) препарату Ребелсас® (семаглутид, таблетки в дозировках 3 и 14 мг (Ново Нордиск А/С, Дания) проведено открытое рандомизированное перекрестное сравнительное исследование (n=110). Пациенты путём рандомизации распределены на 4 группы: 1 группа (n=25) — пациенты получали исследуемый препарат Семальтара® и препарат сравнения Ребелсас® ежедневно 1 раз в сут в дозе 3 мг (1 таблетка) в течение 28 дней; 2 группа (n=25) — препарат сравнения Ребелсас® и исследуемый препарат Семальтара® ежедневно 1 раз в день в дозе 3 мг (1 таблетка) в течение 28 дней; 3 группа (n=30) —исследуемый препарат Семальтара® и препарат сравнения Ребелсас® ежедневно 1 раз в сут в дозе 14 мг (1 таблетка) в течение 28 дней; 4 группа (n=30) — препарат сравнения Ребелсас и исследуемый препарат Семальтара® ежедневно 1 раз в день в дозе 14 мг (1 таблетка) в течение 28 дней. Концентрацию семаглутида определяли в образцах сыворотки крови с помощью предварительно валидированного метода иммуноферментного анализа (ИФА). Вывод о биоэквивалентности сравниваемых препаратов делали по оценке 90% доверительных интервалов для отношений средних геометрических значений параметров Сmaх, AUC(0–t) семаглутида в исходных единицах измерения.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Результаты клинического исследования продемонстрировали биоэквивалентность исследуемого препарата и препарата сравнения. Фармакокинетические параметры препаратов были сопоставимы между собой: По результатам статистического анализа полученные 90% доверительные интервалы для отношения значений Cmax, ss и AUC(0-τ)ss семаглутида 3 мг составили 96,57–120,94% и 94,37–120,06%, соответственно. Для в дозировки 14 мг 90% доверительные интервалы для отношения значений Cmax, ss и AUC(0-τ)ss семаглутида составили 91,79–109,68% и 91,47–112,80%, соответственно. Переносимость препаратов у добровольцев отмечена как хорошая. В течение всего исследования не зарегистрировано ни одного серьёзного нежелательного явления. Таким образом, исследуемый препарат Семальтара®, таблетки и препарат сравнения Ребелсас®, таблетки, имеют сходный профиль безопасности, включая переносимость как в дозировке 3 мг, так и в дозировке 14 мг.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В ходе проведённого исследования показана биоэквивалентность и сходный профиль безопасности, а также переносимость российского препарата Семальтара® (семаглутид 3 и 14 мг, таблетки, ООО «Промомед», Россия) в сравнении с зарубежным препаратом Ребелсас® (семаглутид, таблетки в дозировках 3 и 14 мг (Ново Нордиск А/С, Дания).</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>The aim</title><p>The aim. To conduct a comparative evaluation of the physicochemical properties, biological activity, bioequivalence, and safety, including tolerability and immunogenicity, of the drug Semaltara® (semaglutide, tablets 3 and 14 mg (Biochemik, Russia) and the drug Rebelas® (semaglutide, tablets in dosages of 3 and 14 mg (Novo Nordisk A/S, Denmark) when administered to healthy volunteers.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. To assess the bioequivalence of the investigational drug Semaltara® (semaglutide, tablets 3 and 14 mg (Biochemik, Russia) with a chemically synthesized active substance to the original (reference) drug Rebelas® (semaglutide, tablets in dosages of 3 and 14 mg (Novo Nordisk A/S, Denmark), an open-label randomized crossover comparative study (n = 110) was conducted. Patients were randomized into 4 groups: Group 1 (n = 25) — patients received the investigational drug Semaltara® and the comparator drug Rebelas® daily once a day at a dose of 3 mg (1 tablet) for 28 days; Group 2 (n = 25) — the comparator drug Rebelas® and the investigational drug Semaltara® daily once a day at a dose of 3 mg (1 tablet) for 28 days; Group 3 (n = 30) — the investigational drug Semaltara® and the comparator drug Rebelas® daily once a day at a dose of 14 mg (1 tablet) for 28 days; Group 4 (n = 30) — the comparator drug Rebelas® and the investigational drug Semaltara® daily once a day at a dose of 14 mg (1 tablet) for 28 days. The concentration of semaglutide was determined in serum samples using a pre-validated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The conclusion on bioequivalence of the compared drugs was made based on the assessment of 90 % confidence intervals for the ratios of geometric mean values of Cmax and AUC(0–t) parameters of semaglutide in the original units of measurement.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The results of the clinical study demonstrated the bioequivalence of the investigational drug and the comparator drug. The pharmacokinetic parameters of the drugs were comparable: Based on statistical analysis, the obtained 90 % confidence intervals for the ratio of Cmax,ss and AUC(0-τ)ss values of semaglutide 3 mg were 96.57–120.94 % and 94.37–120.06 %, respectively. For the 14 mg dosage, the 90 % confidence intervals for the ratio of Cmax,ss and AUC(0-τ)ss values of semaglutide were 91.79–109.68 % and 91.47–112.80 %, respectively. The tolerability of the drugs in volunteers was noted as good. No serious adverse events were registered during the entire study. Thus, the investigational drug Semaltara®, tablets, and the comparator drug Rebelas®, tablets, have a similar safety profile, including tolerability, at both the 3 mg and 14 mg dosages.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The conducted study demonstrated the bioequivalence and similar safety profile, as well as tolerability of the Russian drug Semaltara® (semaglutide 3 and 14 mg, tablets, Promomed LLC, Russia) in comparison with the foreign drug Rebelas® (semaglutide, tablets in dosages of 3 and 14 mg (Novo Nordisk A/S, Denmark).</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>глюкагоноподобный пептид-1</kwd><kwd>биоэквивалентность</kwd><kwd>фармакокинетика</kwd><kwd>семаглутид</kwd><kwd>сахарный диабет 2-го типа</kwd><kwd>физико-химические свойства</kwd><kwd>профиль безопасности</kwd><kwd>биологическая активность</kwd><kwd>таблетки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>glucagon-like peptide-1</kwd><kwd>bioequivalence</kwd><kwd>pharmacokinetics</kwd><kwd>semaglutide</kwd><kwd>type 2 diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>physicochemical properties</kwd><kwd>safety profile</kwd><kwd>biological activity</kwd><kwd>tablets</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Клиническое исследование проводилось при поддержке компании ООО «Промомед Рус». Спонсор не оказывал влияние на выбор материала для публикации, анализ и интерпретацию данных.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The clinical study was supported by LLC PROMOMED RUS (Russia). The sponsor had no influence on the selection of material for publication, data analysis and interpretation.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC). Worldwide trends in diabetes prevalence and treatment from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 1108 population-representative studies with 141 million participants // Lancet. – 2024. – Vol. 404, No. 10467. – P. 2077–2093. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(24)02317-1. Erratum in: Lancet. – 2025. –Vol. 405, No.10485. – P. 1146. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(25)00620-8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC). 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