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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pmedpharm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фармация и фармакология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pharmacy &amp; Pharmacology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2307-9266</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-2241</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute - branch of Volgograd State Medical Univer</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19163/2307-9266-2020-8-3-169-180</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pmedpharm-711</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФАРМАКОЛОГИЯ И КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ФАРМАКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHARMACOLOGY AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>АДДИТИВНОЕ НЕЙРОПРОТЕКТИВНОЕ ДЕЙСТВИЕ ПРОИЗВОДНЫХ 3-ГИДРОКСИПИРИДИНА И ЭРИТРОПОЭТИНА ЧЕЛОВЕКА НА МОДЕЛИ ГЕМОРРАГИЧЕСКОГО ИНСУЛЬТА У КРЫС</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ADDITIVE NEUROPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF 3-HYDROXYPYRIDINE DERIVATIVES AND HUMAN ERYTHROPOETIN ANALOGUE ON A HEMORRHAGIC STROKE MODEL IN RATS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2434-994X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колесниченко</surname><given-names>П. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolesnichenko</surname><given-names>P. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Колесниченко Павел Дмитриевич – доцент кафедры фармакологии и клинической фармакологии </p><p>308015, г. Белгород, ул. Победы, 85</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel D. Kolesnichenko – Candidate of Sciences (Medicine), Associate Professor of the Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology </p><p>85, Pobeda St., Belgorod, 308015</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">farpavel@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щеблыкина</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Scheblykina</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Щеблыкина Олеся Викторовна – аспирант кафедры фармакологии и клинической фармакологии </p><p>308015, г. Белгород, ул. Победы, 85</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olesya V. Shcheblykina – postgraduate student of the Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology </p><p>85, Pobeda St., Belgorod, 308015</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sheolvi31@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нестерова</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nesterova</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нестерова Наталья Игоревна – аспирант кафедры фармакологии и клинической фармакологии; врач судебно-медицинской экспертизы судебно-гистологического отделения ОГБУЗ «Белгородское бюро судебно-медицинской экспертизы». </p><p>308015, г. Белгород, ул. Победы, 85; 308017, г. Белгород, ул. Волчанская, 159</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya I. Nesterova – postgraduate student of the Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology; legal physician of the forensic histological department of Belgorod Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination. </p><p>85, Pobeda St., Belgorod, 308015; 159, Volchanskaya St., Belgorod, Russia, 308017</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sushkovanesterova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2420-2243</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щеблыкин</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Scheblykin</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Щеблыкин Дмитрий Валерьевич – аспирант кафедры фармакологии и клинической фармакологии </p><p>308015, г. Белгород, ул. Победы, 85</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry V. Shcheblykin – postgraduate student of the Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology  </p><p>85, Pobeda St., Belgorod, 308015</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dmitryshch1@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нестеров</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nesterov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нестеров Аркадий Витальевич – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры патологии </p><p>308015, г. Белгород, ул. Победы, 85</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Arkady V. Nesterov – Candidate of Sciences (Medicine), Associate Professor of the Department of Pathology </p><p>85, Pobeda St., Belgorod, 308015</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nesterov_a@bsu.edu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1493-3376</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Покровский</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pokrovskiy</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Покровский Михаил Владимирович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры фармакологии и клинической фармакологии, руководитель НИИ Фармакологии живых систем </p><p>308015, г. Белгород, ул. Победы, 85</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail V. Pokrovsky – Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Professor of the Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, the Head of Research Institute of Pharmacology of Living Systems </p><p>85, Pobeda St., Belgorod, 308015</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mpokrovsky@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жученко</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhuchenko</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жученко Максим Андреевич – кандидат биологических наук, начальник сектора разработки и доклинических исследований ГЛФ </p><p>117246, г. Москва, Научный проезд, д. 8, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maxim A. Zhuchenko – Candidate of Sciences (Biology), the head of the sector of development and preclinical research of State Pharmaceutical Foundation of officinal medicines “PHARMAPARK”</p><p>8 (Bld. 1), Nauchny proezd, Moscow, 117246</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maksim.zhuchenko@pharmapark.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1537-6564</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тверской</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tverskoy</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тверской Алексей Владимирович – кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий кафедрой анатомии и гистологии человека </p><p>308015, г. Белгород, ул. Победы, 85</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey V. Tverskoy – Candidate of Sciences (Medicine), the head of the Department of Human Anatomy and Histology </p><p>85, Pobeda St., Belgorod, 308015</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tverskoy@bsu.edu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Резников</surname><given-names>К. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Reznikov</surname><given-names>K. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Резников Константин Михайлович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры фармакологии </p><p>394036, г. Воронеж, ул. Студенческая, 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin M. Reznikov – Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Professor of the Department of Pharmacology </p><p>10, Studencheskaya St., Voronezh, 394036</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vrkmf@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belgorod State National Research University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университет»;&#13;
Областное государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения «Белгородское бюро судебно-медицинской экспертизы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belgorod State National Research University;&#13;
Belgorod Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «ФАРМАПАРК»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>“PHARMAPARK”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Воронежский государственный медицинский университет им. Н.Н. Бурденко» Министерства здравоохранения и cоциального развития Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>169</fpage><lpage>180</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Колесниченко П.Д., Щеблыкина О.В., Нестерова Н.И., Щеблыкин Д.В., Нестеров А.В., Покровский М.В., Жученко М.А., Тверской А.В., Резников К.М., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Колесниченко П.Д., Щеблыкина О.В., Нестерова Н.И., Щеблыкин Д.В., Нестеров А.В., Покровский М.В., Жученко М.А., Тверской А.В., Резников К.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kolesnichenko P.D., Scheblykina O.V., Nesterova N.I., Scheblykin D.V., Nesterov A.V., Pokrovskiy M.V., Zhuchenko M.A., Tverskoy A.V., Reznikov K.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pharmpharm.ru/jour/article/view/711">https://www.pharmpharm.ru/jour/article/view/711</self-uri><abstract><p>Коррекция процессов свободно-радикального окисления является одной из наиболее перспективных стратегий нейропротекции при острых нарушениях мозгового кровообращения.</p><p>Цель исследования – экспериментальное изучение нейропротективных эффектов производных 3-гидроксипиридина и эритропоэтина, а также их комбинированного применения.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследование выполнено на 109 крысах-самцах линии Вистар. Нейропротективное действие субстанций изучалось на модели геморрагического инсульта. Исследуемые препараты вводились животным внутрибрюшинно. Карбамилированный дарбэпоэтин вводился предварительно трехкратно в дозе 100 мкг/кг с интервалом 3 дня, последнее введение за 1 час до операции (суммарная доза – 300 мг/кг). Этоксидол вводился однократно за 1 час до операции в дозе 50 мг/кг. Регистрировали выживаемость, особенности поведения и состояния животных на 1, 3, 7 и 14-е сутки, проводили морфологическую оценку головного мозга.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Исследуемые вещества благоприятно влияли как на выживаемость животных в течение первых суток, так и на 14-суточную выживаемость. Наилучшие показатели выживаемости на 14-е сутки зафиксированы в группе комбинированного применения этоксидола и карбамилированного дарбэпоэтина (75%). Так, в этой группе крыс уже с первых суток наблюдалось более быстрое восстановление неврологических нарушений. К 7-м суткам более 50% крыс, получавших комбинацию исследуемых препаратов, имели легкий неврологический дефицит (до 3 баллов по шкале MсGrow), к 14-м суткам у крыс этой группы выявлялись лишь незначительные изменения в неврологическом статусе. Выраженный нейропротекторный эффект комбинации производных 3-гидроксипиридина и эритропоэтина подтвержден гистологическим исследованием тканей головного мозга – более быстрое уменьшение перифокального отека и нарушений микроциркуляции, меньшее повреждение нейронов и глиальных элементов и более быстрые процессы резорбции и организации кровоизлияния. При макроскопическом исследовании окрашенных трифенилтетразолием хлористым срезов мозга умирающих крыс установлено, что перифокальный некроз является основной причиной высокой летальности в контрольной группе после 3 суток.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В результате эксперимента доказано нейропротективное действие исследуемых производных 3-гидроксипиридина и эритропоэтина. При этом комбинация данных препаратов показала большую нейропротективную активностью, чем изолированное их применение. Аддитивное действие данных препаратов обуславливается их механизмом действия в результате взаимодействия с различными структурами и компонентами клетки.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The correction of free radical oxidation processes is one of the most promising strategies of neuroprotection in acute cerebrovascular disorders.</p><p>The aim of the study is an experimental study of the neuroprotective effects of 3-hydroxypyridine and erythropoietin derivatives, as well as their combined use.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study was performed on 109 male Wistar rats. The neuroprotective effect of the substances was studied on a hemorrhagic stroke model. The study drugs were administered to the animals intraperitoneally. Carbamylated darbepoetin was administered three times in advance at the dose of 100 µg/kg within intervals of 3 days, the last injection took place 1 hour before the operation (the total dose was 300 mg/kg). Etoxidol was administered once 1 hour before the surgery at the dose of 50 mg/kg. The survival rate, behavioral features and the state of the animals on the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th days were recorded, and the morphological assessment of the brain was carried out.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The investigated substances had a positive effect on both the survival rate of the animals during the first day and on the 14th day. The best survival rates on the 14th day were recorded in the group of a combined use of ethoxydol and carbamylated darbepoetin (75%). Thus, in this group of rats, a faster recovery of neurological disorders was already distinguished from the first day on. By the 7th day, more than 50% of the rats receiving the combination of the studied drugs, had had a slight neurological deficit (up to 3 points on the McGrow scale); by the 14th day there had been only minor changes in the neurological status in the rats of this group. A pronounced neuroprotective effect of the combination of 3-hydroxypyridine and erythropoietin derivatives has been confirmed by a histological examination of brain slices – a more rapid decrease in the size of perifocal edema and microcirculation disorders, less damage to neurons and glial elements, and faster processes of resorption and organization of hemorrhage. A macroscopic examination of the brain sections stained with triphenyltetrazolium chloride of the dying rats, showed that perifocal necrosis had been the main cause of high mortality in the control group after the 3rd day.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. As a result of the experiment, the nephroprotective effect of the studied derivatives of 3-hydroxypyridine and erythropoietin has been proved. Moreover, the combination of these drugs has shown a greater neuroprotective activity than their isolated use. The additive effect of these drugs was due to their action mechanism resulting from the synergism of various structures and components of the cells.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>геморрагический инсульт</kwd><kwd>3-гидроксипиридины</kwd><kwd>карбамилированный дарбэпоэтин</kwd><kwd>нейропротекция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hemorrhagic stroke</kwd><kwd>3-hydroxypyridines</kwd><kwd>carbamylated darbepoetin</kwd><kwd>neuroprotection</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kesarev O.G., Danilenko L.M., Pokrovskii M.V., Timokhina A.S., Khavanskii A.V. 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