pmedpharmФармация и фармакологияPharmacy & Pharmacology2307-92662413-2241Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute - branch of Volgograd State Medical Univer10.19163/2307-9266-2021-9-1-17-31pmedpharm-793Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ, ЛЕКЦИИREVIEWS, LECTURESБИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ АКТИВНОСТЬ HYPERICUM PERFORATUM L. (HYPERICACEAE): ОБЗОРBIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF HYPERICUM PERFORATUM L. (HYPERICACEAE): A REVIEWhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8916-7450БуданцевА. Л.BudantsevA. L.

доктор биологических наук, профессор, заведующий лабораторией растительных ресурсов ФГБУ «Ботанический институт им. В. Л. Комарова» РАН

Doctor of Sciences (Biology), Professor, the Head of the Department of Plant Resources; Komarov Botanical Institute of RAS

abudantsev@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4690-1811ПриходькоВ. А.PrikhodkoV. A.

Post-graduate student at the Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology; Saint Petersburg State Chemical and Pharmaceutical University

veronika.prikhodko@pharminnotech.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5054-6410ВаргановаИ. В.VarganovaI. V.

научный сотрудник лаборатории растительных ресурсов ФГБУ «Ботанический институт им. В. Л. Комарова» РАН

Researcher of the Department of Plant Resources; Komarov Botanical Institute of RAS. 

varganova_irina@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4294-5531ОковитыйС. В.OkovityiS. V.

доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой фармакологии и клинической фармакологии ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный химико-фармацевтический университет» Минздрава России

Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Professor, the Head of the Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Saint Petersburg State Chemical and Pharmaceutical University

Sergey.Okovity@pharminnotech.comФедеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Ботанический институт им. В.Л. Комарова Российской академии наук (БИН РАН) 197376, Россия, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. проф. Попова, 2РоссияKomarov Botanical Institute of Russian Academy of Science 2, Prof. Popov St., St. Petersburg, Russia, 197376Russian FederationФедеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Санкт-Петербургский государственный химико-фармацевтический университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации 197376, Россия, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. проф. Попова, 14РоссияSaint Petersburg State Chemical and Pharmaceutical University 14, Prof. Popov St., St. Petersburg, Russia, 197376Russian Federation202123062021911731Copyright © Буданцев А.Л., Приходько В.А., Варганова И.В., Оковитый С.В., 20212021Буданцев А.Л., Приходько В.А., Варганова И.В., Оковитый С.В.Budantsev A.L., Prikhodko V.A., Varganova I.V., Okovityi S.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.pharmpharm.ru/jour/article/view/793Hypericum perforatum L

Hypericum perforatum L. (зверобой продырявленный) является лекарственным растением, которое в последнее время интенсивно изучается клиницистами, фармакологами и химиками. Результатами этого являются публикации как оригинальных статей, так и ряда обзоров, посвященных спектру биологической активности экстрактов и отдельных химических компонентов этого вида. В отличие от многих других известных лекарственных растений, фармакологическое изучение которых сопровождается установлением структур новых (или вновь обнаруженных) химических соединений, динамика современного изучения H. perforatum по большей части связана с детальным изучением механизмов его терапевтического действия и, в меньшей степени, с поиском новых компонентов.

Цель

Цель. Обзор сведений по биологической активности экстрактов и отдельных компонентов Hypericum perforatum L. (Hypericaceae) — зверобоя продырявленного, опубликованных в научной литературе за последние 10 лет.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. Для сбора и анализа сведений использовали электронные базы данных PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar и др. доступные ресурсы. Поиск в базах данных производился по публикациям за 2010-2020 гг. по таким ключевым словам, как: Hypericum perforatum, зверобой продырявленный, St. John's wort, биологическая активность зверобоя.

Результаты

Результаты. В обзоре представлены сведения об антидепрессивной, нейропротекторной, ноотропной, анксиолитической активности, антибактериальным, цитотоксическим, противовоспалительным свойствам, анальгезирующем, гипогликемическом действии и других видах активности экстрактов H. perforatum, а также индивидуальных соединений (гиперицина, гиперфорина, аментофлавона и др.), выделенных из этого вида. Как известно, пул вторичных метаболитов этого вида включает нафтодиантроны, флавоноиды и другие фенольные соединения, несколько классов липофильных веществ, в том числе производных флороглюцина и терпеноиды. При этом наиболее подробно (помимо экстрактов и их фракций) изучалась биологическая активность фотореактивного нафтодиантрона гиперицина и гиперфорина — производного флороглюцина. Данный обзор посвящен анализу сведений по биологической активности зверобоя продыявленного, опубликованных в литературе с 2010 по 2020 годы. В настоящее время популярность H. perforatum связана прежде всего с его антидепрессивными свойствами, которые подтверждены многочисленными доклиническими исследованиями и клиническими испытаниями, хотя до сих пор нет единого мнения о возможности эффективности использования зверобоя для лечения как тяжелой, так и даже умеренной депрессии. Кроме того, в данном обзоре приведены сведения о нейропротекторной, ноотропной, противоэпилептической, анксиолитической, антибактериальной, антивирусной, противопротозойной активности, противоопухолевых, цитотоксических, анальгезирующих, противовоспалительных и других свойств экстрактов и индивидуальных компонентов этого вида.

Заключение

Заключение. Несмотря на известность H. perforatum, зверобоя продырявленного, как растения с антидепрессивной активностью, продолжаются интенсивные исследования, направленные на выяснение молекулярных механизмов действия экстрактов и индивидуальных соединений при патологиях нервной системы. Кроме этого, весьма перспективными могут стать исследования его антибактериальной, антивирусной, цитотоксической активности, наряду с определением возможности применения з. продырявленного при нарушениях обмена веществ, функций мочеполовой системы и в других областях медицины.

Hypericum perforatum L

Hypericum perforatum L. (St. John's wort) is a medicinal plant that has been intensivly studied by clinicians, pharmacologists, and chemists. It has resulted in the publication of both original articles and a number of, reviews devoted to the general spectrum of the biological activity of its extracts and the separate chemical components of this species. Unlike many other known medicinal plants, the pharmacological study of which is accompanied by the establishment of new (or rediscovered) structures of chemical compounds, the dynamics of the present study of H. perforatum is mostly associated with a detailed study of the mechanisms of its therapeutic effect and less with the search for new components.

The aim of this work is to review and analyze the data on the biological activity of extracts and individual components of Hypericum perforatum L. (Hypericaceae), or St. John's wort, published in the scientific literature over the past 10 years.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. To collect and analyze the information, such electronic databases as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and other available resources have been used. The following keywords and word combinations were used for search in the databases for 2010-2020: “Hypericum perforatum”, “St. John's wort”, “the biological activity of St. John's wort”, “hypericin”, “hyperforin”.

Results

Results. The review provides information on antidepressant, neuroprotective, nootropic, anxiolytic activity, antibacterial, cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory properties, analgesic, hypoglycaemic effects, and other types of activity of H. perforatum extracts, as well as individual compounds (hypericin, hyperforin, amentoflavone, and others), isolated from this species. It is well known that the secondary metabolites of St. John's wort are naphthodianthrons, flavonoids and other phenolic compounds, several classes of lipophilic substances including phloroglucinol derivatives and terpenoids. Apart from extracts and their fractions, the biological activity of photoreactive naphthodianthrone hypericin and hyperforin (a phloroglucinol derivative) has been studied in detail.

This review provides an analysis of published data from 2010 to 2020 on the biological activity of St. John's wort. At the present time H. perforatum is primarily well-known for its antidepressant-like properties, which are confirmed by numerous pharmacological studies and clinical trials. Still there is no consensus on the effective treatment of severe or even moderate depression with St. John's wort. This review also provides information on the neuroprotective, nootropic, antiepileptic, anxiolytic, antimicrobial, antiviral, antiprotozoal, antitumor, cytotoxic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and other effects of H. perforatum extracts, as well as its individual compounds.

Conclusion

Conclusion. Despite the popularity of H. perforatum as a plant with an antidepressant-like activity, intensive research work continues to be carried out to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of the actions of extracts and individual compounds in disorders of the nervous system. Studying its antibacterial, antiviral, and cytotoxic activity may also open up some great prospects, along with determining the possibility of using St. John's wort in metabolic disorders, genitourinary disorders, and other fields of medicine.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.