pmedpharmФармация и фармакологияPharmacy & Pharmacology2307-92662413-2241Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute - branch of Volgograd State Medical Univer10.19163/2307-9266-2021-9-3-174-184pmedpharm-859Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ, ЛЕКЦИИREVIEWS, LECTURESГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ПРЕДИКТОРЫ ТЯЖЕСТИ ТЕЧЕНИЯ И ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ФАРМАКОТЕРАПИИ COVID-19GENETIC PREDICTORS OF SEVERITY AND EFFICACY OF COVID-19 PHARMACOTHERAPYhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6098-7028ШишиморовИ. Н.ShishimorovI. N.

доктор медицинских наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой педиатрии и неонатологии Института непрерывного медицинского и фармацевтического образования 

Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Institute of Continuing Medical and Pharmaceutical Education

drshishimorov@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6670-9029МагницкаяО. В.MagnitskayaO, V.

доктор медицинских наук, доцент, профессор кафедры педиатрии и неонатологии Института непрерывного медицинского и фармацевтического образования 

Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Institute of Continuing Medical and Pharmaceutical Education

magol73@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8348-2329ПономареваЮ. В.PonomarevaYu. V.

кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры педиатрии и неонатологии Института непрерывного медицинского и фармацевтического образования 

ju.ponomareva@gmail.comФедеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Волгоградский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации 400131, Россия, г. Волгоград, площадь Павших Борцов, д. 1РоссияVolgograd State Medical University 1, Pavshikh Bortsov Sq., Volgograd, Russia, 400131Russian Federation20211908202193174184Copyright © Шишиморов И.Н., Магницкая О.В., Пономарева Ю.В., 20212021Шишиморов И.Н., Магницкая О.В., Пономарева Ю.В.Shishimorov I.N., Magnitskaya O.V., Ponomareva Y.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.pharmpharm.ru/jour/article/view/859

Пандемия новой коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19 изменила многие аспекты нашей жизни и инициировала многочисленные исследования, направленные на поиск факторов, определяющих различное течение этого инфекционного заболевания. Особую социальную значимость приобретают исследования, направленные на поиск предикторов тяжелого течения новой коронавирусной инфекции, а также факторов, определяющих эффективность и безопасность фармакотерапии этого заболевания.

Цель

Цель. Целью настоящей работы является поиск и обобщение информации о генетических предикторах тяжелого течения COVID-19, а также фармакогенетических аспектах, определяющих вариабельность терапевтического ответа на рекомендованные лекарственные препараты для лечения COVID-19.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. В статье представлен обзор результатов научных исследований по изучению полиморфизма генов, определяющих ответ организма на внедрение SARS-CoV-2 инфекции и эффектов фармакотерапии данного заболевания, полученных из открытых и доступных источников за период 2019- март 2021 гг. Поиск проводился в электронных базах данных: PubMed, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov; Elibrary, Scopus. Основные поисковые запросы: «предикторы + тяжелое течение + COVID-19», «генетические вариации+COVID-19», «фармакогенетика+COVID-19», «полиморфизм генов + SARS-CoV-2», «фармакотерапия+полиморфизм генов + COVID-19». Поисковые запросы выполнялись на русском и английском языках.

Результаты и заключение

Результаты и заключение. Поисковые научные исследования, детализирующие механизмы заражения SARS-CoV-2, вариабельность тяжести течения заболевания и индивидуальные особенности терапевтического ответа на применяемые препараты, активно проводятся учеными разных стран мира. Однако большинство их научных проектов являются разнонаправленными, а найденные в них возможные предикторы тяжелого течения COVID-19 не подтверждены или не изучены в последующих исследованиях. Генетически обусловленная гетерогенность иммунного ответа организма на SARS-CoV-2 инфекцию требует дальнейшего изучения, что во многом связано с отсутствием однозначного мнения о ведущем механизме, определяющем тяжесть этого заболевания. Обобщение результатов отдельных исследований генетических предикторов тяжести течения и эффективности фармакотерапии COVID-19 может стать основой для дальнейшего поиска и повышения достоверности полученных данных с целью разработки стратегии предупреждения распространения инфекции COVID-19, определения потенциальных мишеней таргетной терапии, а также разработки протоколов оптимизации фармакотерапии этого заболевания.

The pandemic of the novel coronavirus infection 2019 (COVID-19) has changed many aspects of our lives and initiated numerous studies aimed at finding the factors that determine different courses of this infectious disease. The studies aimed at finding predictors of the severe course of this novel coronavirus infection, as well as the factors that determine the efficacy and safety of this disease pharmacotherapy, are acquiring special social significance.

The aim of this work is to find and summarize information on genetic predictors of severe COVID-19, as well as pharmacogenetic aspects that determine the variability of the therapeutic response to the drugs recommended for COVID-19 treatment.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. The article provides a review of scientific results on the research of gene polymorphism that determine a body’s response to the introduction of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the effects of pharmacotherapy for this disease, obtained from open and available sources within the period of 2019 – March 2021. The search was conducted in the following electronic databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov; Elibrary, Scopus. The main search inquiries were: “predictors + severe course + COVID-19”, “genetic variations + COVID-19”, “pharmacogenetics + COVID-19”, “gene polymorphism + SARS-CoV-2”, “pharmacotherapy + gene polymorphism + COVID-19” in both Russian and English.

Results and conclusion

Results and conclusion. The exploratory research detailing the mechanisms of infecting with SARS-CoV-2, the variability of the disease severity and the individual characteristics of therapeutic responses to the drugs used, are being actively carried out by scientists all over the world. However, most of their scientific projects are diverse, and the possible predictors of a severe course of COVID-19 found in them, have not been confirmed or investigated in subsequent studies. A generalization of the individual studies results of the genetic predictors concerning COVID-19 severity and effectiveness of its pharmacotherapy, can become the basis for further search and increase the reliability of the data obtained in order to develop a strategy for preventing the spread of COVID-19 infection, to identify potential targets of the treatment, and develop the protocols for optimizing this disease pharmacotherapy.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.