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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pmedpharm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фармация и фармакология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pharmacy &amp; Pharmacology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2307-9266</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-2241</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute - branch of Volgograd State Medical Univer</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19163/2307-9266-2021-9-3-205-221</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pmedpharm-862</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФАРМАКОЛОГИЯ И КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ФАРМАКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHARMACOLOGY AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОЕ ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ТОКСИЧЕСКИХ СВОЙСТВ ПРЕПАРАТА VMU-2012-05 – ОРИГИНАЛЬНОГО НЕНУКЛЕОЗИДНОГО ИНГИБИТОРА ОБРАТНОЙ ТРАНСКРИПТАЗЫ ВИЧ-1</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF TOXIC PROPERTIES OF VMU-2012-05 DRUG – ORIGINAL NON-NUCLEESIDE INHIBITOR OF HIV-1 REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1009-3963</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вавилова</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vavilova</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>фармаколог 1 категории отдела экспериментальной фармакологии и токсикологии </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>pharmacologist of the 1st category of the Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vavilova.va@doclinika.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2689-6891</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шекунова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shekunova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, руководитель отдела экспериментальной фармакологии и токсикологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Sciences (Biology), Head of the Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shekunova.ev@doclinika.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0283-8598</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Джайн (Корсакова)</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Jain (Korsakova)</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры фармацевтической химии и фармакогнозии и организации фармацевтического дела факультета фундаментальной медицины </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate student of the Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pharmacognosy and Organization of Pharmaceutical Business, Faculty of Fundamental Medicine</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ekaterina.korsa@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5744-7060</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балабаньян</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balabanyan</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор фармацевтических наук, доцент кафедры фармацевтической технологии факультета фундаментальной медицины </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Sciences (Pharmacy), Associate Professor of the Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Fundamental Medicine</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bal.pharm@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4721-0959</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Озеров</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ozerov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор химических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой фармацевтической и токсикологической химии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Sciences (Chemistry), Professor, Head of the Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prof_ozerov@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3176-6386</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макарова</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarova</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, заместитель ген. директора по науке </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), General Director, Director of Research</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">makarova.mn@doclinika.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2447-7888</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макаров</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarov</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, генеральный директор </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Professor, Deputy General Director </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">makarov.vg@doclinika.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Акционерное общество «Научно-производственное объединение «ДОМ ФАРМАЦИИ»&#13;
188663, Россия, Ленинградская обл., Всеволожский р-н, г. п. Кузьмоловский, ул. Заводская, д. 3, корп. 245</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>«Research-and manufacturing company «НОМЕ OF РНАRМАСУ» Joint Stock Company&#13;
Bldg. 245, 3, Zavodskaya St., Vil. Kuzmolovsky, Vsevolozhsky Dist., Leningrad Reg., Russia, 188663</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова» &#13;
119991, Россия, г. Москва, Ломоносовский пр-т., дом 27, корп. 1</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov&#13;
Bldg. 1, 27, Lomonosov Ave., Moscow, Russia, 119991</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования &#13;
«Волгоградский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации&#13;
400131, Россия, г. Волгоград, площадь Павших Борцов, д. 1</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Volgograd State Medical University &#13;
1, Pavshikh Bortsov Sq., Volgograd, Russia, 400131</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>08</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>205</fpage><lpage>221</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Вавилова В.А., Шекунова Е.В., Джайн (Корсакова) Е.А., Балабаньян В.Ю., Озеров А.А., Макарова М.Н., Макаров В.Г., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Вавилова В.А., Шекунова Е.В., Джайн (Корсакова) Е.А., Балабаньян В.Ю., Озеров А.А., Макарова М.Н., Макаров В.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vavilova V.A., Shekunova E.V., Jain (Korsakova) E.A., Balabanyan V.Y., Ozerov A.A., Makarova M.N., Makarov V.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pharmpharm.ru/jour/article/view/862">https://www.pharmpharm.ru/jour/article/view/862</self-uri><abstract><p>Антиретровирусная терапия в настоящее время является основным компонентом лечения больных ВИЧ-инфекцией. Разработка новых более эффективных и более безопасных препаратов, является актуальной задачей.</p><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучение токсических свойств готовой лекарственной формы (ГЛФ) VMU-2012-05- ненуклеозидного ингибитора обратной транскриптазы (1-[2-(2-бензоилфенокси)этил]-6-метилурацил) для лечения ВИЧ-1 инфекции при однократном и многократном энтеральном введении.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Изучение токсических свойств при однократном введении проводили на беспородных мышах, препарат вводили в лимитирующей дозе 2000 мг/кг (по активному веществу). Токсические свойства при многократном ежедневном, в течение 90 дней, введении изучали на крысах обоего пола в дозах 0 мг/кг (плацебо), 9 мг/кг (1 ВТД), 45 мг/кг (5 ВТД), 90 мг/кг (10 ВТД) и кроликах обоего пола при 28-дневном  введении в дозах 0 мг/кг, 4 мг/кг (1 ВТД), 20 мг/кг (5 ВТД), 40 мг/кг (10 ВТД), период отсроченного наблюдения – 30 дней. В ходе эксперимента проводили клинические наблюдения и осмотры, регистрацию массы тела, проводили физиологические и клинико-лабораторные исследования. По окончании периода введения (50% животных) и по окончании периода отсроченного наблюдения проводили патоморфологическое исследование.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. ЛД50 препарата – более 2000 мг/кг. При многократном введении установлен уровень доз, не вызывающих нежелательных эффектов (NOAEL), который для крыс составил 9 мг/кг (1 ВТД), для кроликов – 4 мг/кг (1 ВТД). По результатам экспериментов, проведенных на кроликах и крысах, основной орган-мишень токсического действия препарата – печень. По данным, полученным в исследовании на крысах, показано токсическое влияние на органы мужской репродуктивной системы (гипоплазия сперматогенного эпителия). Препарат в условиях проведенного эксперимента не оказал влияния на органы ЖКТ.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Результаты показали, что препарат обладает благоприятным профилем безопасности, не уступающим показателям применяемых в клинической практике препаратов аналогичной фармакологической группы, и может рассматриваться как перспективный лекарственный кандидат для лечения ВИЧ-1 инфекции.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Antiretroviral therapy is currently the main component of treatment for HIV patients. The development of new, more effective and safer drugs is an urgent task.</p><p>The aim of the research is to study the toxic properties of the finished dosage form (FDF) VMU-2012-05, a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (1-[2-(2-benzoylphenoxy)ethyl]-6-methyluracil) for the HIV-1 infection treatment in single and repeated enteral administrations.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study of toxic properties in single administrations was carried out on outbred mice; the drug was administered at the limiting dose of 2000 mg/kg (by reference to the active substance). For 90 days, in repeated daily administrations, the toxic properties were studied in rats of both sexes at the doses of 0 mg/kg (placebo), 9 mg/kg (1 HTD), 45 mg/kg (5 HTD), 90 mg/kg (10 HTD). The toxic properties were also studied in rabbits of both sexes within a 28-day administration at the doses of 0 mg/kg, 4 mg/kg (1 HTD), 20 mg/kg (5 HTD), 40 mg/kg (10 HTD); the recovery period 30 days. Clinical observations and examinations, body weight registrations, physiological and clinical laboratory studies were carried out during the experiment. At the end of the administration period (50% of animals) and at the end of the recovery period, a pathological examination was performed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The LD50 of the drug is more than 2000 mg/kg. In the repeated administrations, the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) has been established. For rats, it is 9 mg/kg (1 HTD), for rabbits – 4 mg/kg (1 HTD). According to the results of the experiments carried out on rabbits and rats, the main target organ of the drug toxic effect is the liver. According to the data obtained in the study on rats, a toxic effect on the organs of the male reproductive system has been manifested (hypoplasia of the spermatogenic epithelium). Under the conditions of the experiment, the test drug had no effect on the gastrointestinal tract.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The results have manifested a favorable safety profile of the drug, not inferior to the ones of a similar pharmacological group used in clinical practice; it can be considered a promising drug candidate for the HIV-1 infection treatment.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>доклинические исследования</kwd><kwd>ВИЧ-1</kwd><kwd>VMU-2012-05</kwd><kwd>1-[2-(2-бензоилфенокси)этил]-6-метилурацил</kwd><kwd>токсичность</kwd><kwd>однократное введение</kwd><kwd>многократное введение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>preclinical studies</kwd><kwd>HIV-1</kwd><kwd>VMU-2012-05</kwd><kwd>1-[2-(2-benzoylphenoxy) ethyl]-6-methyluracil</kwd><kwd>toxicity</kwd><kwd>single administration</kwd><kwd>repeated administration</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного контракта № 14.N08.11.0154 на выполнение прикладных научных исследований и экспериментальных разработок по теме «Доклинические исследования лекарственного средства на основе пиримидинового производного бензофенона для лечения ВИЧ-1 инфекций»</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out under the government contract No. 14.N08.11.0154 for the implementation of applied research and experimental development on the topic “Preclinical studies of a drug based on a pyrimidine derivative of benzophenone for HIV-1 infections treatment”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kemnic TR, Gulick PG. 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