Collagenases in medical practice: modern collagenase-based preparations and prospects for their improvement

The aim of this study was to assess the coverage of studies of collagenolytic enzymes (collagenases) in the sphere of their use in wounds and scars treatment, the resource of their production and the range of collagenase products to identify the areas for their improvement.

Materials and methods. The information from retrieval and library databases (eLIBRARY, PubMed, Scopus, ScholarGoogle, ResearchGate), patent information databases (freepatent.ru, ntpo.com, fips.ru), the State register of medicines (GRLS) and the State register of medical devices, as well as technical information provided by manufacturers of medicines and medical devices, was used in the article.

Results. The analysis of the information database has shown that collagenolytic enzymes are effective proteolytic complexes because of their ability to provide the breakdown of collagen, the main component of wounds and scars.

Hepatopancreas crustaceans is currently one of the available raw resources of collagenases in Russia. It is noted that proteolytic enzymes from the Paralithodes camtschatica hepatopancreas are characterized by a broad specificity: they are able to hydrolyze both native collagen and other protein substrates. There are data confirming the capability of collagenases to accelerate the process of reparation in addition to wound cleansing from a necrosis. The results of clinical studies of collagenases anti-scar properties, indicate the effectiveness of their use for the skin scar correction. The content analysis has shown that there is a small amount of collagenase-based products in the Russian pharmaceutical market: lyophilized powder for preparation of the injection solution "Collalysin", recommended for scars treatment; a medical dressing "Digestol" with collagenase, recommended for wounds and necrotic lesions treatment; "Fermencol" (gel and powder), the "Karipain plus" gel for scars treatment. Drugs are represented by only powder lyophilisate "Collalysin".

Conclusion. The development of gel compositions (Aerosil-based oleogels) and atraumatic dressings with collagenase from Paralithodes camtschatica hepatopancreas as the most affordable raw materials can be considered problem number one of practical pharmacy at present. This provides for the creation of the dosage forms, improved in terms of stability and efficiency, as well as ease of use.

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