COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION OF DRUGS AND NARCOTIC SUBSTANCES FROM BLOOD FOR MIXEDͳPHASE CARTRIDGES OF SOME BRANDS
https://doi.org/10.19163/2307-9266-2017-5-6-543-555
Abstract
Solid-phase extraction (SPE) is one of the modern methods for isolating toxicologically signifi cant substances from biological materials, which include narcotic and medicinal substances, as well as their metabolites. Currently, the market has a large number of proposals for SPE cartridges from various manufacturers. The choice of a suitable cartridge for SPE both in terms of qualitative characteristics and price parameters is a topical issue in the course of chemical-toxicological and forensic chemical analysis.
The aim of the research is to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of medicinal and narcotic substances’s extraction from blood for widespread mixed-phase cartridges of some brands, which are intended for solid-phase extraction.
Materials and methods. The research comparing the effectiveness of extraction was carried out with the use of mixed-phase cartridges for SPE of the following manufacturers: Bond Elut Certify (Varian), Chromabond Drug (Macherey-Nagel), Strata Screen-C (Phenomenex) EVIDEX SampliQ (Aqilent), HyperSep Vеrify-CX (Thermo), Starlab C8/SCX (Starlab Scientifi c Co., Ltd) with the using of gas chromatograph Agilent 7820 equipped with mass selective detector Agilent 5975 (Agilent, USA).
Results and discussion. This article presents the data on the comparison of the effectiveness of the extraction of mixed-phase cartridges for SPE from 5 manufacturers (Bond Elut Certify (Varian), Chromabond Drug (Macherey-Nagel), Strata Screen-C (Phenomenex) EVIDEX SampliQ (Aqilent) и HyperSep Vеrify-CX (Thermo)) for the purposes of screening drugs and narcoticsubstances from blood. The cartridges Starlab C8/SCX of the investigated batch had some signs of poor-quality sorbent in the production.
Conclusion. Recommendations for using 5 types of cartridges for the procedure of screening narcotic and medicinal substances in blood during the routine practice of forensic chemical departments and chemical-toxicological laboratories are given. Considering the relative cost of cartridges for SPE, in routine practice it is economically viable to use cartridges from brands Strata Screen-C (Phenomenex) and EVIDEX SampliQ (Aqilent).About the Authors
S. S. KataevRussian Federation
Kataev Sergei Sergeevich – PhD (Chemistry), Chief of the forensic-chemistry division.
61, Startsev Str., Perm, 614077
O. N. Dvorskaya
Russian Federation
Dvorskaya Oksana Nikolaevna – PhD (Pharmacy), Assistant professor of chair of toxicological chemistry.
2, Polevaya St., Perm, 614990
References
1. Chen XH, Franke JP, Wijsbeek J, de Zeeuw RA. Isolation of acidic, neutral, and basic drugs from whole blood using a single mixed-mode solid-phase extraction column. J Anal Toxicol. 1992 Nov-Dec; 16(6):351–5. DOI:10.1093/jat/16.6.351
2. Chen XH, Franke JP, Wijsbeek J, de Zeeuw RA. Study of lot-to-lot reproducibilities of Bond Elut Certify and Clean Screen DAU mixed-mode solid-phase extraction columns in the extraction of drugs from whole blood. J Chromatogr. 1993 Jul 23; 617(1):147–51. DOI:10.1016/0378-4347(93)80434-6
3. Lai CK, Lee T, Au KM, Chan AY. Uniform solid-phase extraction procedure for toxicological drug screening in serum and urine by HPLC with photodiode-array detection. Clin Chem. 1997 Feb;43(2):312–25.
4. Rittner M, Pragst F, Bork WR, Neumann J. Screening method for seventy psychoactive drugs or drug metabolites in serum based on high-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. J Anal Toxicol. 2001 Mar; 25(2):115–24. DOI:10.1093/jat/25.2.115
5. Takeda A, Tanaka H, Shinohara T, Ohtake I. Systematic analysis of acid, neutral and basic drugs in horse plasma by combination of solid-phase extraction, non-aqueous partitioning and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl. 2001 Jul 15;758(2):235–48. DOI:10.1016/s0378-4347(01)00189-x
6. Kataev S.S., Dvorskaya O.N. Primenenie tverdofaznoj ekstrakcii v issledovanii krovi na narkoticheskie i lekarstvennye veshchestva [The application of the solid phase extraction technique to the analysis of blood for the presence of narcotic and pharmaceutical substances]. Sudebno-medicinskaya ekspertiza. 2012 Jul–Aug; 55(4):38–42. Russian.
7. Dvorskaya O.N., Krokhin I.P., Kataev S.S. Opyt primeneniya tverdofaznoj ekstrakcii v skrininge lekarstvennyh i narkoticheskih veshchestv v krovi metodom gazovoj hromatografi i s mass-spektrometricheskim detektirovaniem [Experience in the use of solid-phase extraction in the screening of pharmaceuticals and narcotics in the blood by gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection]. Khimiko-Farmatsevticheskii Zhurnal. 2017; 51(3):216–21. DOI: 10.1007/s11094-017-1585-4. Russian.
8. Kataev SS, Dvorskaya ON, Krokhin IP. Optimizaciya procedury tverdofaznoj ekstrakcii dlya skrininga lekarstvennyh i narkoticheskih veshchestv v krovi metodom gazovoj hromatografi i s mass-spektrometricheskim detektirovaniem [Optimization of the solid-phase extraction procedure for the screening of the medicinal and narcotic substances in the blood by gas chromatography with mass-spectrometric detection]. Sudebno-medicinskaya ekspertiza. 2017; 60(1):29–35. DOI: 10.17116/sudmed201760129-35. Russian.
9. Bogusz MJ, Maier RD, Schiwy-Bochat KH, Kohls U. Applicability of various brands of mixed-phase extraction columns for opiate extraction from blood and serum. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl. 1996; 683(2):177–88. DOI: 10.1016/0378-4347(96)00120-X
10. Piñero EL, Casale JF. Quantitation of Cocaine by Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection Utilizing Isopropylcocaine as a Structurally Related Internal Standard. Microgram Journal. 2006;4(1–4):47–53.
Review
For citations:
Kataev S.S., Dvorskaya O.N. COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION OF DRUGS AND NARCOTIC SUBSTANCES FROM BLOOD FOR MIXEDͳPHASE CARTRIDGES OF SOME BRANDS. Pharmacy & Pharmacology. 2017;5(6):543-555. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.19163/2307-9266-2017-5-6-543-555